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Research Project

Child Influencer Project - Ireland and the UK

Principal Investigator
Dr Francis Rees
Linocut of the front over for the Kids as content toolkit by the Child Influencer Project. Picture of a baby on a mobile phone carved in Lino.
This project considers the impact of digital child labour on child performers (under 13) on social media platforms such as TikTok, YouTube and Instagram. Contemporary legislation such as the Online Safety Act 2023 has considered the impact of social media on children’s well-being, increasing protections for children online, but these provisions do not fully consider the impact of a digital workload on child influencers’ economic, social, psychological, and physical well-being. 

About the research

The Child Influencer Project researches the phenomenon of child content on social media platforms, such as Youtube, TikTok and Instagram. Child performers such as child models and actors in traditional media industries are protected, but not in the multi-million dollar influencer marketing industry. This labour stems from socially normalised forms of digital parental sharing (sharenting), which results in performative child content that gains sufficient attention (usually through an audience or following) to attract brand endorsement and/or affiliations (goods/services/payment). This shortfall exposes child performers to a range of potential risks that are not provided for through any current regulatory safeguarding provisions, or practical procedures or guidelines to mitigate these risks within the advertising industry.  
 
Therefore, the Project is working with policymakers, brands and parents to raise awareness of opportunities for best practice and reform for children working in this industry. The Project has employed surveys, interviews and observations across the Republic of Ireland and the UK in order to evidence these risks and consider ways to address them.
 
The Project evidences 20 potential risks facing children in this environment, grouped across 6 categories;

  • Financial risks
  • Risks to their education
  • Health & Safety considerations
  • Family disruptions
  • Negative effects on their identity
  • Impacts on their dignity

New digital safeguarding toolkit

In May 2025, Dr Francis Rees from The Child Influencer Project launched the ‘Children in Content’ digital safeguarding toolkit at an event held at the Offices of the Children’s Ombudsman for Ireland.

The toolkit presents the risk categories through the lens of 6 fictional children/families, describing the content activities and then exploring why these might involve risks, as well as how to mitigate or minimise the potential risks of harm.

The toolkit acts as an aid/guide for parents involved in sharenting and/or family influencer activities, evidencing best practices and safeguarding considerations. It also can act as a guide to inform them about their own rights when contracting with brands and agencies. Similarly, the toolkit can act as an industry guide to best practice considerations and action points.

Funding

This project is funded by the International Impact Fund and Enterprise Project Fund.

Project outputs

Past events and appearances

  • UK Project Launch Event - Wednesday 6 March 2024.
    View the recording on .
  • Interview with Spirit Radio - Wednesday 24 April 2024
  • Interview on Dublin City FM - Tuesday 30 April 2024 
  • Interview with RTE Radio - Saturday 22 June 2024 
  • Interview on Dublin City FM - Tuesday 29 October 2024 
  • Guest on Yours Lawfully podcast - Wednesday 5 March 2025 
  • IrelandAM - Friday 14 March 2025
  • Perfectly imperfect parenting podcast with Dr Mary O'Kane - Saturday 15 March 2025
  • BBC Radio Womens Hour - Thursday 10 April 2025.
    View the recording on the .

Publications

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A linocut image printed in blue ink. The image shows two hands holding up a phone with a baby on the screen. Behind the phone are pictures and furniture showing the person is in their living room.
'Children in Content' Digital Safeguarding Toolkit

We've developed a digital safeguarding toolkit for parents, children, and brands working in the child influencer industry. From risks to family relationships and educational development, to potential impacts on dignity and identity, we have highlighted important areas to consider when working with child influencers.

Read more about the toolkit
Child Influencer Project Logo, a drawing of a childs face with a tick in a sheild
Get in touch
Dr Francis Rees Principal Investigator
Essex Law School